Quality Management by Bindiya Goyal

ISO 9000 Standards:
The focus of ISO 9000 standards is on the generation of confidence in product conformance and on process management with customer as the main driving force.

ISO 9000 series consist of five individual standards of which three are quality management systems and the other two are guidelines for selection and employment of quality system.

ISO 9000 - Quality management and Quality assurance standards - Guidelines for selection and use
It focuses on rigorous auditing during the certification process. For eg., quality system, process control, management responsibility, quality rewards and statistical techniques.

ISO 9001 - Quality System - model for Quality assurance in design, development, production, installation and service
It includes all documenting operations like design, production, service inspection, testing, installation, training etc.

ISO 9002 - Quality system - Model for Quality assurance in Production and Installation & Servicing
It is used for detecting and correcting problems in contract negotiations between the supplier and purchases. This is often employed by the manufacturers.

ISO 9003 - Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Final Inspection & Test

ISO 9004 - Quality Management and Quality System Elements - Guidelines
It provides planning and implementing guidelines for managing producers goods and services

Quality Management Principles

1. Focus on customers
2. Leadership
3. Involvement of Employees
4. Process Approach
5. Interrelated Approach to Management
6. Continuous Improvement
7. Objectivity in Data Analysis for Effective Decsions
8. Mutually Beneficial Relationship

Benefits

1. Strengthens the relationships between suppliers and customers
2. Reduces dependence on individuals
3. Institutionalize training throughout the organisation
4. Reduces customer auditing
5. Fewer external audits
6. Optimum utilization of resources
7. Compliance to trade regulations at National and International Level
8. Company certified by quality systems will strengthen customer confidence by assuring excellence

Open Access movement in the Age of Innovation and ICT

Copyrght: is the exclusive right to publish and distribute a work. Copyright is a bundle of rights, automatically assigned to the author(s) by legislation in most countries. Copyright is the exclusive right of the author to derive economic benefits from his own writing or artistic performance or creative work.
      The infringement of the copyright in a work occurs if one or more of the following acts take place without the aurhtorisation of the copyright owner
1. Reproduction of the work in the material form
2. Publication of the work
3. Communication of the work to the public
4. Performance of the work in Public
5. Translation of the work.

Digital copyright protection technologies

Digital water mark technology is the form of stenography in which copyright and other source information is hidden inside a document, image or sound file without the user's knowledge, but copies will retain the information.

Cryptography involves encryption of information to render it unreadable or not understandable language, which only the legitimate user can decrypt.

Electronic Marking is generated by the computerthat is tagged to each of the digital object. The computer also registers the recipient of an illegally copied digital object.

Digital Signature, also known as electronic signature is an electronic data attached to associated digital object and serves as a system of authentication. This concept is to make the data illegible for everyone else except those specified.

Plagiarism

"to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own; to use without crediting the source; to commit literary theft; in other words, an act of fraud.

Types of Plagiarism as listed by plagiarism.org

• The Ghost Writer
• The Photocopy
• The Potluck Paper
• The Poor Disguise
• The labour of laziness
• The self-stealer

Other types of plagiarism not listed by plagiarism.org

• The Unintentional
• The Unconscious
• The Photographic Memory
• The Archives Digger
• The Inspired

Also, there are other forms under situations cited to be plagiarism

• The forgotten footnote
• The Misinformer
• The Too-perfect Paraphrase
• The Resourceful Citer
• The Perfect Crime

Editors: Dr. Ancy Jose; Dr. Prathiba A. Gokhale; Santosh C. Hulagabali published by HIMALAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE PVT. LTD.